The didactic potential of problem-based learning in the integrated course «I explore the world»

Abstract

The article examines the didactic potential of problem-based learning in the integrated course «I Explore the World» in primary school. The relevance of the topic is determined by the need to modernize the contemporary educational process in accordance with the concept of the New Ukrainian School, which presupposes the formation of key competencies in pupils, the development of critical thinking, cognitive activity and the ability to acquire knowledge independently. Scientific approaches to defining the essence of problem-based learning, the features of organizing problem situations and their impact on the development of the primary school pupil’s personality are analyzed. It is established that problem-based learning contributes to the activation of pupils’ thinking, the formation of research skills, the development of logical reasoning, collaboration skills and intrinsic motivation for learning. Special attention is given to the possibilities of implementing problem-based learning in the study of the integrated course «I Explore the World», the content of which ensures interdisciplinary links and creates conditions for exploring natural, social, civic and health-preserving phenomena in their interrelation. The article provides examples of the use of problem situations, research tasks, educational experiments, role-playing activities, observations and mini-projects across different educational domains of the integrated course. The role of the teacher as an organizer of pupils’ cognitive activity and a facilitator of the educational process is substantiated. It is determined that the effectiveness of problem-based learning depends on consideration of the age characteristics of younger schoolchildren, the selection of educational material, the creation of a supportive emotional environment and the organization of active interaction among pupils. It is concluded that the use of problem-based learning in the integrated course «I Explore the World» contributes to the formation of a holistic worldview in primary school pupils, increases learning effectiveness and develops key competencies necessary for successful socialization and further education.