Holarchic model of choice of environmentally safe drainage technology

Abstract

The process of justifying the quantitative assessment of priority water drainage technologies, which will contribute to the ecological improvement of water bodies, reducing the degree of eutrophication and improving the water resources of the state, has been studied. The subject of the study is a holaric model, which includes feedback mechanisms between the evaluation criteria of individual technologies of environmentally safe drainage. An overview of existing approaches and research on the selection of priority technologies for ecologically safe drainage is given. The advantages and disadvantages of known methods are noted, especially the limitations of traditional hierarchical models, which are unable to take into account the feedback between evaluation criteria, are emphasized. To justify the choice of a specific technology, indicators are proposed, which are combined into the following groups: ecological, social and economic; state factors that detail the safety criteria in terms of the development of the process of eutrophication of the water body as a source of drinking water supply or used for recreational purposes; technical and economic indicators characterizing the drainage system; measures aimed at improving the evaluation characteristics of technical and economic indicators of certain technologies of drainage systems; the need to comply with the conditions of acceptance and transportation of rain, melt and drainage water in the storm sewer system; technological measures of environmentally safe drainage; a list of alternative solutions. In the proposed model, in addition to hierarchical ones, it is proposed to consider inverse (holarchic) ​​relationships both between criteria within clusters and between criteria located at different levels of the hierarchy. The method of system analysis (MAC) was chosen to take feedback into account. The practical result of the research is: construction in the Super Design tool environment of a computer cholaric model for quantitative evaluation of alternative options for choosing priority technologies for environmentally safe drainage; calculation of global priorities of alternative options for choosing environmentally safe drainage technologies; analysis of the sensitivity of the modeling result to the possible dispersion of expert opinion regarding the pairwise comparison of the relevant criteria. The proposed approach can be used to evaluate various scenarios for the modernization of drainage systems, planning environmental protection measures, and optimizing water resources management at the local and regional levels.