Collision avoidance of the sea vessels during cyber attacks in the voyage cycle

Abstract

In the course of the development of modern shipping, in addition to navigational risks, cyber risks have also arisen. They are associated with the wide implementation of computer technologies and the use of wireless communication lines between devices on ships and in external radio communication. In addition, the principle of operation of the devices used is based on the transmission and reception of radio waves, which leads to vulnerability to cyber-attacks, which was not taken into account when designing such equipment. Therefore, it is necessary to develop recommendations for navigators on the methods of work in the event of threats of cyber-attacks to control the maneuvering of the ship during collision avoidance. Methods: modern methods of solving the problem of vessel collision avoidance under normal conditions were used. The patterns of the maneuver of the last moment, the catalog method and the control of the risk of collision by the nature of the change in the relative direction of the dangerous vessel are taken into account. Results: it is shown that there are no ways to solve the collision avoidance problem in the absence of devices for measuring the distance to the oncoming ship in the conditions of cyber-attacks. Therefore, it is proposed to divide the stage of approach into three stages: excessive; dangerous; emergency. It is suggested to assess the risk of collision and choose a maneuver for collision avoidance based on the location of the target relative to the diametrical plane – right/left, the nature of the change in the relative direction line clockwise or counterclockwise and the tendency of approach – moving away or approaching. Discussion: analysis of the risk of collision according to the location of the target – right/left, according to the nature of the change in the relative direction – constant or changing, and according to the direction of the turn of the line of movement – from us or towards us – according to the catalog in tabular form, which allows to choose an effective maneuver that will turn the line of relative motion away from us.