Analysis of prospects for the use of biofuels in marine transport

Abstract

The prospects of using biofuels as a substitute for traditional marine fuels are analysed. The topicality of the issue is related to the fact that the introduction of alternative fuels, including biofuels, is a possible way for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and fulfilling the requirements of the International Maritime Organization regarding the mandatory use of low-sulphur fuels. Biodiesel, hydrotreated vegetable oil, straight vegetable oil, and liquefied biomethane are usually considered among potential biofuels for the replacement of traditional marine fuels. A promising direction is also the use of fast pyrolysis bio-oil, especially after its additional processing in order to improve the quality and fuel properties. A comprehensive comparative analysis of various types of biofuels that can be used in marine transport has been carried out. Biofuels have been ranked according to prospects, priority and feasibility of their use as a substitute for traditional marine fuels for Ukraine’s conditions. Both, the current rating and the future rating have been evaluated with a focus on the medium-term perspective of 10-15 years. which made it possible to form a total rating for each type of biofuel. It has been concluded that for Ukraine in the medium-term perspective, the production and use of biomethane, biodiesel and hydrotreated vegetable oil in water transport seems expedient. Pyrolysis bio-oil is also a promising biofuel that requires some additional research and experimental testing in marine engines. Such activities are planned to be carried out in the international project SEAFAIRER. It is a project supported by the Horizon Europe program, which began in September 2024. The authors of the article are participants of the SEAFAIRER project from Ukraine.