Essence and main approaches to determining the innovative activity of an enterprise

Abstract

The article examines the essence of innovative activity of enterprises as a determining factor in ensuring their competitiveness and sustainable development in a dynamic market environment and hybrid threats. The definition of the essence of innovative activity of enterprises in literary sources is analyzed. The main methodological approaches to the interpretation of this concept by scientists are determined, which are based on various aspects of innovative activity: resource, process, productive and integrated. Important characteristics of innovative activity of enterprises are identified and characterized, namely: focus on changes, investment in innovation, level of personnel involvement and effectiveness. Taking into account the highlighted features, it is proposed to understand innovative activity as a set of actions and processes aimed at the development, implementation and use of new or significantly improved products, technologies, services, organizational methods or business models. The difference of the proposed definition lies in the multidimensional approach, which not only highlights the process of implementing innovations, but also focuses on their importance for the long-term development strategy of the enterprise, its ability to adapt to changes and proactively respond to challenges. It is noted that innovative activity reflects the ability and readiness of an enterprise or organization to respond to internal and external changes by implementing innovative activities and introducing innovations that contribute to strengthening their market position. The article is aimed at the theoretical substantiation of approaches to the analysis of innovative activity of enterprises and may be useful for scientists, practitioners, managers and everyone interested in increasing the efficiency of innovative activity of enterprises.